Anti-Mullerian Hormone Test

The anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) is a protein hormone produced by the testes and ovaries (granulosa cells) before birth. The test carried out to check the functioning of AMH is called the anti-Mullerian hormone test or Anti Mullerin test which is carried out for infertility diagnosis. 

The production of this hormone is crucial in the development of the male reproductive tract, which occurs from the early embryonic phase. The hormone may be utilized as a PCOS marker and also indicates the size and condition of ovarian reserve. AMH levels are higher in women with polycystic ovaries (PCO) or polycystic ovary syndrome and lower or average in older women (especially those over 40).

AMH is essential for the development of sex organs in a developing newborn. A baby's reproductive organs begin to mature during the early weeks of pregnancy. The infant will already have the genes to be either a boy (XY) or a girl (XX genes).

If the developing child has male (XY) DNA, large quantities of AMH and other male hormones are produced. This inhibits the development of female organs while encouraging the growth of masculine organs. If there is insufficient AMH to prevent the development of female organs, organs of both sexes may develop. When this occurs, the genitals of a neonate may not be easily defined as male or female. This is referred to as ambiguous genitalia.

If an infant is born with XX genes i.e. female genes, there will be low production of AMH. This causes female reproductive to mature, and following puberty in females, AMH plays a big part in the production of egg cells (higher the AMH, higher the egg cell production). AMH levels in women can provide information regarding fertility, or the capacity to become pregnant. The test may also be used to aid in the diagnosis of menstruation abnormalities or to track the health of women suffering from specific forms of ovarian cancer.

Nepal IVF is one of the leading fertility clinics in Nepal that provides all infertility treatments including anti-Mullerian hormone tests. Your one-stop fertility treatment center, Nepal IVF provides a cost-effective antimullerian test that you can trust.

Anti-Mullerian Hormones Infertility Assessment

While anti-mullerian hormones are present in both males and females, a test is usually carried out on females who are facing difficulty getting pregnant. The female Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) test is one component of the fertility evaluation, along with:

examination of the male partner's sperm to determine the amount and quality of sperm.
Estradiol, FSH, and luteinizing hormone are all measured in blood tests to look at every reproductive hormone (LH).
a hysterosalpingogram can be used to check for fallopian tube obstructions (HSG).
Through ovarian ultrasound, ascertain the Antral Follicle Count (AFC).

How to Prepare for Anti-Mullerian Hormone Test?

Preparing for your first anti-Mullerian hormones test is nothing to be worried about. The steps to follow prior to the anti-Mullerian test is similar to other infertility tests. If you are getting ready for your anti-Mullerian hormone test here are some standard to-do often recommended by a fertility expert. 
Keep clear of harmful substances such as drugs, alcohol, marijuana e.t.c.
Avoid using birth control or remove any (if it's in use) at least 90 days earlier
Avoid the use of herbal medicine and supplements
Pause any hormonal treatments prior and during the AMH test

Factors affecting anti-Mullerian hormone level

Anti-Mullerian Hormones (AMH) is a hormone produced by ovarian follicles in women. The level of AMH in a woman's body is an indicator of ovarian test reserve (egg count). Higher the AMH, the greater the egg count. 

While there is different information floating around about how AMH or any other hormones affects your fertility, we recommend visiting a fertility specialist or an IVF clinic like Nepal IVF before jumping to a conclusion. Here are a few known factors that are known for affecting the anti-Mullerian hormone level:

Age: As a person gets older, anti-Mullerian hormones in the body start to decline. As the AMH level starts to decrease it slowly affects the egg reserve of the person. AMH level gradually decreases to an undetectable level at an average age of 50 to 55 years.

Medical Conditions: Few medical conditions such as endometriosis, autoimmune conditions like thyroid diseases, and ovarian cyst surgeries are known for affecting the AMH level.

Radiation: Long-term exposure to radiation or chemical treatments are known reasons for affecting the AMH level.

Genetic Profile: Often DNA and genes are linked with a woman’s deteriorating AMH level. In some cases, defects in genes are the cause behind rapid egg depletion at a quicker rate than the average woman your age.

Hormonal disorders and Nutrient Deficiency: Certain hormonal defects that cause an imbalance in hormone production can have a devastating effect on the AMH level. Moreover, patients with a history of Vitamin D deficiency are known for having rapid depletion of egg reserves.

Who is the anti-Mullerian Hormone test recommended to?

The anti-mullerian hormone test is a standard infertility treatment procedure. At Nepal IVF, AMH testing is usually recommended to:

• Women having a hard time conceiving
• Women suffering from obesity, menstrual disorders (including early menopause or amenorrhea) and excessive acne
• Determine the level of AMH (1.0 ng/mL is considered normal anything below is low)
• Figure out the reason behind the cause of menstrual disorders
• Women with a risk of Ovarian cancer
• Women suffering from polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

Results of high AMH level and pregnancy, and low AMH level and IVF

Since AMH does not fluctuate throughout the menstrual cycle, blood can be drawn for an AMH test on any day of the month, even if the patient is on birth control. AMH blood must be obtained from arm veins for the necessary test. The AMH exam doesn't require intensive test preparation.

When evaluating the AMH test level, a few irregularities must be addressed. There are cases where females with low or high AMH, are prescribed AMH therapy based on the test findings. These tests further help fertility specialists on figuring out the best path of treatment.

• Poor ovarian reserve and no or low odds of conception are indicated by an AMH level between 0 and 0.6 ng/ml. Additionally, this suggests a possible early onset of menopause. The specialists recommend carefully regulated IVF procedures in cases of low AMH and IVF. Treatment for low AMH levels includes DHEA supplementation, which has been shown to be successful for treating low AMH hormone in females. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), which suggested a successful IVF pregnancy, significantly improved the AMH level. While IUI and low AMH require a fine balance for success without adjusting health-related variables.|
  
  
• AMH levels that are typical are between 3.0 and 0.7 ng/ml. The ovarian reserve in this case has more eggs with a high possibility of becoming pregnant. Although the outcome is favorable, there may still be additional causes of infertility. To improve health conditions, including changes in nutrition, exercise, and daily activities, more health examinations are required.
  
  
• AMH values more than 3.0 ng/ml signify elevated levels of AMH, a positive pregnancy test, and the development of several tiny follicles. While the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), if planned for assisted reproductive therapy, may be indicated by the excessively high AMH level. High AMH levels cannot be treated with fertility drugs, and there is no known therapy for AMH test PCOS, but the symptoms can be controlled with medicine and a healthy lifestyle.

The AMH level is crucial for fertility therapy since it helps to provide a comprehensive picture of reproductive health. Women with PCOS respond well to IVF therapy, but they run the risk of overreacting to ovulation-stimulating drugs, which might be dangerous for them. Because women with significant disorders like high blood pressure or diabetes have a higher chance of developing these problems, one has to determine their high AHM level and PCOS therapy to identify their hormone level.

AMH test is an important and crucial step of your fertility treatment process. It is essential to get the best results out of your test because without knowing what’s really going on the path to treatment is going to be quite difficult. Nepal IVF is one of the best fertility clinics in Nepal that specializes in AMH testing among many other tests. If you are looking for a fertility clinic that you can trust, visit or contact Nepal IVF today.