Infertility treatment at Nepal IVF is conducted with care and compassion respecting each patient's values. Treating infertility can become a long, anxious, and emotional journey for everyone involved. Our specialists at Nepal IVF understand how stressful the prospect of an infertility diagnosis can be. Nepal IVF has made its mission to provide the best passionate care to its client during these crucial stages of fertility treatment.
During infertility treatment, it is important to remember that you are not the only one going through infertility. It is estimated that 1 in 8 couples go through infertility treatment in Nepal. However, thanks to technological advancements and treatment methods more than 85% of infertility cases are treated successfully. The best solution for you depends on your circumstance and the root of your infertility. In most cases, only one spouse needs treatment, and other times both couples will combine different types of therapies. Hormone and ovulation-supporting medicines are frequently used in fertility treatments, sometimes in conjunction with minor surgical procedures.
At Nepal IVF, ART (Assisted Reproductive Technologies), IUI (Intrauterine Insemination), IVF (In Vitro Fertilization), along with ICSI (Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection) are some of the common treatments provided to infertile couples.
Some Common Causes of Infertility
A person is declared infertile when pregnancy cannot be achieved after 12 months of regular, unprotected sexual activity or when a person's ability to reproduce, either alone or with a partner, is impaired. The causes of infertility differ from male to female. Infertility in females usually arises with issues in ovulation, cervix, and often when fallopian tubes or uterus is damaged. On the other hand, the causes of male infertility are usually linked to hormonal imbalance and sperm production.
Causes of Infertility in Female
There are a variety of reasons leading to women’s infertility. Some of the causes are:
Ovulation Disorder
Ovulation disorder is one of the common causes of infertility in women. The cycle of ovulation differs from woman to woman. The endocrine system secretes hormones during a typical menstrual cycle to get the body ready for pregnancy, including gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). These hormones play a major role in the maturation of an egg. The mature egg (ovum) eventually releases into the fallopian tube where it is fertilized by a man's sperm.
While ovulation cycle durations differ, women who ovulate consistently have a cycle that lasts 28 days, ovulating just once during that time. Anovulation, or irregular or missing ovulation, can lead to infertility in women who have hormonal imbalances or deficiencies.
Other factors causing Ovulation Disorder
Overproduction of Prolactin
Prolactin is a hormone produced by a noncancerous tumor of the pituitary gland known as a prolactinoma. A prolactinoma primarily affects the levels of several sex hormones, specifically estrogen and testosterone, causing infertility.
Ovarian Insufficiency
Primary ovarian insufficiency or ovarian failure occurs when the ovaries of women below the age of 40 stop producing eggs. This is also caused by the untimely loss of eggs or disorder in an autoimmune response. As ovaries fail to produce the required amount of estrogen or release eggs in regular intervals, the chances of women getting pregnant drop.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) occurs when ovaries produce an unusual amount of male sex hormones called androgen. While androgen is present in women in small amount, excessive production can lead to excessive acne, abnormal growth of facial hair, insulin resistance, and hormonal imbalance affecting ovulation. At Nepal IVF, we offer different treatment options for PCOS.
Hypothalamic Dysfunction
Hypothalamic Dysfunction occurs when the hypothalamus is unable to operate properly, disrupting the production of hormones (Luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone) responsible for stimulating ovulation every month. Both male and female infertility is impacted when the hypothalamus is not functioning properly.
Tubal Factor Infertility (TFI)
Tubal factor infertility occurs when fallopian tubes are damaged, scarred, infected, or clogged. This creates blockage stopping sperm to reach an egg for fertilization or an embryo cannot reach the uterus to be pregnant. Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), pelvic inflammatory illness, or other disorders like endometriosis are mostly caused by tubal factor infertility. Depending on the extent of the damage, tubal factor infertility may be treated surgically to restore the tubes.
Endometriosis
Endometriosis develops when tissues lining the interior of the uterus (the endometrium) begin developing outside of the uterus. Tissues lining pelvic, fallopian tubes, and ovaries are all frequently affected by endometriosis. This prevents the sperm from reaching the eggs. For proper fertilization of eggs in an embryo, endometriosis infertility treatment is required because it damages the uterine lining and prevents the implantation of fertilized eggs.
Cervical issues
Cervical Issues are one of the leading causes of infertility in women. The cervix, which is the neck or entrance to the uterus, is located at the top of the vagina. The cervix is the first barrier ejaculated sperm must cross to get to the uterus and fallopian tubes. Around the time of ovulation, cervical mucus is often thin and fluid so that sperm can pass through it. However, the thick cervical mucus in certain women might obstruct the sperm.
Cervical issues often create issues related to egg implantation and increases the risk of miscarriage. Cervical issues related infertility can arise from:
Unexplained Infertility
Unexplained Infertility makes up for one of the biggest causes of infertility. Undiagnosed and/or difficult to treat issues with egg quality, tubal function, or sperm function may exist in couples with unexplained infertility.
A case is declared unexplained infertility when failure to conceive goes undiagnosed by normal infertility tests. It is estimated that a diagnosis of unexplained infertility is given to be around 15%.
However, there is nothing to be worried about as most unexplained infertility cases are treated successfully. Saying that we at Nepal IVF understand how overwhelming and difficult it can be to have an issue that you are aware of but are unsure of what is causing it.
Nepal IVF is committed to being your companion throughout your journey of achieving parenthood. With our dedicated team of specialists and equally supportive team, you’ll never feel far from home.
Causes of Infertility in Men
The causes of infertility are never only a woman’s problem as it affects both men and women alike. Men make up for around 50% of infertility cases, but that doesn’t mean you won’t be able to father a child as treatment and different procedures increases the chance of conception. Some of the common causes of infertility in men are:
Azoospermia
Azoospermia is a condition where male infertility is directly related to their inability to produce sperm in semen. Azoospermia is present in around 15% of men diagnosed with infertility. It usually happens when your body stops just producing sperm or due to an infection in the reproductive tract such as epididymitis and urethritis. Azoospermia can also happen due to various other reasons such as injury around the groin, swelling of testicles due to orchitis, genetic condition, and exposure to radiation among others.
Varicoceles
Varicocele is a condition where pampiniform plexus veins within the scrotum become enlarged. Varicocele is a common condition found in around 15% of men and 35% of men diagnosed with infertility. This condition usually develops during puberty and it can lower the quality and quantity of sperm. While it is hard to identify the clear reason for varicocele, different infertility treatments can improve fertility.
Infections
Various infections or illnesses, when not treated properly can hamper the production of sperm. For example, Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) is a common problem in both male and females. These infections can cause scarring throughout the duct, obstructing the path of semen. Diseases such as Epididymitis, Orchitis, and STIs like HIV, Chlamydia, and Gonorrhea often cause semen or testicle infections.
Infertility Related to Ejaculation
Ejaculation-related infertility is a common problem among men going through infertility. In a nutshell, ejaculation is a mechanism that delivers sperm to the eggs during sexual intercourse. Even when there are no concerns with sperm quantity or quality, ejaculatory abnormalities might hinder pregnancy.
Diagnosing ejaculation issues helps treat infertility issues and improves a couple’s chance of getting pregnant. Listed below are common ejaculation issues that when treated have a positive influence on fertility.
Chromosome Defects
Chromosome defects can make reproductive organs grow abnormally as a result of inherited diseases such as Klinefelter's syndrome, in which a male is born with two X chromosomes and one Y chromosome (instead of one X and one Y). Kallmann's syndrome and cystic fibrosis are other hereditary diseases linked to infertility.
Unhealthy Habits
Unhealthy habits such as excessive consumption of alcohol, cigarettes, and other toxic substances can adversely affect fertility in men. The use of drugs and alcohol can result in reduced sperm production, erectile dysfunction, and lower fertility rates among others.
Cryptorchidism
Cryptorchidism or undescended testicles is a condition when a testicle fails to drop into the scrotum during fetal development. This can lead to men producing low-quality sperm which eventually creates problems with fertility.
Apart from the causes listed above other factors such as prior surgeries, celiac disease, exposure to toxic chemicals, and hormonal imbalance also contribute to infertility in men.
Fortunately, male infertility is both treatable and preventable with proper care and a healthy lifestyle. If you or someone you know is struggling with infertility you can always have a consultation or visit Nepal IVF. Specialists and doctors at Nepal IVF are committed to providing our patients with the best possible treatment because we take pride in what you achieve.
When Should You Visit a Fertility Clinic?
Thinking about fertility treatment is a significant and perhaps challenging step, and you may have concerns about the possible path you are about to start. While treatment for men and women differ and we at Nepal IVF provide all infertility-related treatment under one roof.
A man should visit a fertility clinic for an infertility test if:
Similarly, a woman should visit a fertility clinic for an infertility test if:
If you have experienced the above-listed symptoms you should visit Nepal IVF for compassionate and quality treatment.
What Infertility Treatment services are available in Nepal?
Options for treating infertility are numerous and we at Nepal IVF believe that the treatment you choose should be customized to meet your needs. The wide range of services we provide include:
Natural IVF
Natural IVF is an infertility treatment method where a patient’s menstrual cycle is carefully followed to extract the eggs when they are most fertile. Natural IVF depends solely on the egg's natural development rather than the ovary-stimulating hormone injections used in conventional IVF. Natural IVF is considered to be the best method of fertility treatment for women with low egg reserve or low Anti Mullerian Hormone (AMH). Natural IVF is rather cheap than other methods of fertility treatment as very few medicines are used.
Segmented IVF
Segmented IVF is a method of segregating the eggs which are later fertilized and frozen. The frozen embryos are transferred back into the womb during the next cycle. This method is considered one of the best IVF methods as it is better for the health of the mother and the embryos. Segmented IVF is less stressful, less prone to dangers, and results in healthier infants.
Surgical Sperm Retrieval
Surgical sperm retrieval is a surgical method of extracting sperm directly out from the testicles or epididymis. This method is performed using minimally invasive procedures. Surgical sperm retrieval is performed only in males with azoospermia (no sperm in the ejaculated semen). require direct sperm extraction from the testis or epididymis.
The most popular methods of fertilization are TESA, MESA, PESA, and TESE, which include the removal of tiny amounts of tissue or needle aspiration. The IVF procedure can be more flexible thanks to the surgical sperm retrieval method.
In Vitro Fertilization
In vitro fertilization (IVF) is one of the assisted reproductive technologies which follows a series of intricate surgical procedures and medicines used for extracting eggs and fertilizing them in a laboratory.
In IVF, mature eggs are extracted from ovaries and fertilized in a laboratory using sperm. The fertilized egg (or eggs) is then transported to a uterus. IVF cycles are completed in around three weeks. When these processes are divided into separate sections, the process might sometimes take longer. IVF is a popular and effective method of infertility treatment as couples can use their eggs or sperm, creating the chances of conceiving a healthy baby quite high.
IVF success rates are influenced by a variety of variables, including your age and the underlying reason of your infertility.
Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is an infertility treatment process that involves inserting a single healthy sperm into a mature egg. In the ICSI procedure, a single sperm is injected into the center of the egg using a small needle called a micropipette. After fertilization, whether via standard IVF or ICSI, the fertilized egg develops in a lab before being implanted into the womb.
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection is generally advised for patients who have had a history of male fertility problems such as poor sperm count, ineffective vasectomies, and sperm motility among others.
Pre-Implantation Genetic Testing
Preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) checks embryos created by in vitro fertilization (IVF) for a variety of genetic issues that might result in implantation failure, miscarriage, and birth abnormalities in the offspring. These genetic flaws include missing or extra chromosomes in the embryo, single gene diseases like sickle cell anemia, or gene rearrangements that can result in pregnancy loss and birth abnormalities, such as Down syndrome.
In Nepal IVF we conduct three different types of Pre-Implantation Genetic Testing,
Preimplantation genetic screening (PGT-A) for abnormal chromosome numbers,
Preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic (PGT-M) disease,
Preimplantation genetic testing structural rearrangement (PGT-SR).
Intrauterine Insemination
Intrauterine Insemination (IUI) is a form of artificial insemination where sperm is injected directly into the uterus using a tiny catheter. Around the time the ovary produces one or more eggs to be fertilized, the washed and concentrated sperms are directly inserted into the uterus.
IUI has a high chance of improving fertility as a high quantity of healthy sperm enter the fallopian tubes when the woman is most fertile. IUI is a simple procedure that may be carried out with or without the use of medications. Male infertility medications include gonadotropins with IUI, letrozole or Clomid with IUI and both.
Laser Assisted Hatching
Laser Assisted Hatching (LAH) is a scientific IVF treatment procedure that facilitates the embryo's "hatching," or breaking through its outer layer or "shell," a membrane also known as the zona pellucida. Laser assisted hatching is recommended for a female who has had an unsuccessful IVF cycle. The chance of identical twins in embryos is the only one related to laser-assisted hatching, making it the most suited reproductive treatment for twins.
Don’t look far if you are searching for an IVF treatment Facility
At Nepal IVF you will receive advice from a team of professionals with years of expertise in fertility therapy and fertility treatment. Nepal IVF aims to offer quality infertility treatment at an affordable price. IUI, IVF, Donor Eggs, Egg Freezing, Reproductive Immunology, and other therapies are all available at Nepal IVF thanks to our cutting-edge technology and equipment. Contact Nepal IVF in Kathmandu today for further information.
