Both examination and treatment of infertility include blood tests. FSH and estradiol tests, along with a few other hormones, are frequently part of the woman's most basic fertility examination (TSH and prolactin). Other circumstances (such as PCOS or repeated miscarriages) could call for the analysis of different types of blood tests. Additionally, a test for infectious diseases must be done prior to treatment for any couple interested in intrauterine insemination (IUI) or in vitro fertilization (IVF). Based on your unique circumstances, your doctor will customize the sort of blood testing that will be needed.
Nutrients, hormones, and other essential components are transported via the blood. An accurate assessment of the hormone levels in blood cells can be a reliable sign of issues connected to infertility. Some of the major hormones that are identified as the factors affecting infertility through a blood test are,
- Estrogen: Hormone estrogen is in charge of the appearance and fertility of women. E2 primarily promotes pregnancy and aids in the expansion and development of female reproductive tissues, including the uterus, fallopian tubes, vagina, and breasts.
- Prolactin: A hormone called prolactin is in charge of lactation, the growth of certain breast tissues, and milk production. Prolactin overproduction can result in issues that lead to infertility. Additionally, it performs a wide range of other bodily activities, including as controlling the immune system and influencing behavior via working on the reproductive system.
- Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH): Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in the blood plays an important role in sexual development and function. Before an egg is released from one ovarian follicle during ovulation, the FSH hormone in women induces the formation of ovarian follicles in the ovary. The generation of oestradiol is also increased. Follicle-stimulating hormone stimulates sperm production in males by acting on the Sertoli cells of the testes (spermatogenesis). FSH levels that are too high or too low can cause health problems for men and women and delayed or early puberty in children.
- Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH): As a measure of ovarian reserve, AMH levels represent the constant, noncyclic development of tiny follicles. It appears to be the top endocrine indicator of age-related ovarian pool reduction in healthy women, making it potentially predictive of future reproductive longevity.
- Luteinizing hormone (LH): Luteinizing hormone (LH) encourages the growth and maturation of ovarian follicles, which helps to initiate ovulation in females. Males' sperm production is also stimulated by it.
- Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH): Thyroid-stimulating hormone, also known as TSH, is a glycoprotein hormone produced by the pituitary glands. An abnormal amount of Thyroid stimulating hormone can prevent a woman from getting pregnant or cause a miscarriage.
